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Gluten
A protein group in wheat, barley, and rye. In celiac disease it triggers an immune attack on the small intestine. Some people without celiac also report symptoms.
Get a celiac blood test BEFORE you remove gluten. The test needs gluten in your diet to work. If you stop first, the result can be falsely negative.
Who reacts
About 1% of people have celiac disease, and many do not know. Others have wheat allergy or non-celiac gluten sensitivity.
Typical onset
1 hours to 72 hours after you eat it
Linked symptoms
BloatingStrong evidence
DiarrheaStrong evidence
Stomach pain or crampsStrong evidence
FatigueStrong evidence
Rash or eczemaStrong evidence
Mouth ulcersModerate evidence
ConstipationModerate evidence
Brain fogModerate evidence
Joint pain or stiffnessModerate evidence
HeadacheModerate evidence
Low moodWeak evidence
Where you find it
High:Wheat bread · Sourdough bread (wheat) · Pasta (wheat) · Pizza · Barley · Rye bread · Breakfast cereal (wheat)
Medium:Beer · Soy sauce
Low:Oats
Sources
- NIDDK — Celiac disease
- Catassi et al. 2015, Nutrients 7(6):4966 — Salerno criteria for non-celiac gluten sensitivity
- Rash link: dermatitis herpetiformis is the skin form of celiac disease (NIDDK)